Design Considerations for Stone Steps
Stone steps work best as a single slab of stone, and set so that the top surface is level left to right. Furthermore, stone steps last longer if they rest on top of the step beneath them, with a 3″ overhang. I also set steps onto a bed of crushed gravel, compacted. I tilt steps slightly downhill, and as a result rainwater and debris naturally flow downhill. This helps reduce the gathering of organic matter where the steps touch one another, and also helps prevent icing or puddles. Otherwise, plant matter tends to sprout there, subsequently starting the process of natural succession by sending roots under the step.
Steps work best for pedestrians when the top surface is smooth, and when the height of each step is very similar. Moreover, there are building codes that require steps to have the same height or a very similar height. As a result of our feet and legs tendency to memorize the height of steps as we walk them, there are less accidents as a result.
For stone steps in the landscape, I advocate the use of handrails made from metal or wood. These can certainly help with stability as people walk up or down, and also allow something to lean on when needed. Metal handrails, however, usually last longer than wood.
Classic Rock: The Spanish Steps
The Spanish Steps in Rome were the first steps that I really paid attention to, as a result of Bob Dylan and The Band singing about them. Made of travertine, they are certainly impressive. So, I visited them during night since that is how they are referenced in Dylan’s lyrics. In addition to the beauty of the steps, there were interesting people gathered there. As a result of working with travertine in New Mexico, I am even more in awe of the stonemason’s work on those steps in the 1700’s. After that visit, I paid more attention to stone landscaping in general. In conclusion, classic rock lyrics steered me towards classic rock landscaping.